Patman6276's Weblog

error log

patman6276 — Sat, 19 Apr 2008 13:21:49 +0000

Most of my errors are in punctuation and sometimes in grammer. Many times I don’t know when certain punctuation is needed so I think that a solution to that problem would to be not have punctuation (mainly apostrophes). For the most part I know where apostrophes go when I look at them and think about it but I dont tend to think about it when I’m typing because I have so much on my mind to write about and once I’ve finnished typing the paper up I don’t want to go back and read it again to correct it, because I get to a point where I don’t want to look at it any more.

This is an example of how I mess up:

In Tompkins essay she recognizes the differences in perspectives in history when she was doing her study on Native Americans she said, “Some of the conflicting accounts were not simply contradictory, they were completely incommensurable”(p.103).

It should be more like this, the apostrophe over Tompkins because her name is Tompkins and the apostrophe siblizes possesion of the essay. I also messed up on the MLA format that says to not put (P.) where the page number goes.

In Tompkins’ essay she recognizes the differences in perspectives in history when she was doing her study on Native Americans she said, “Some of the conflicting accounts were not simply contradictory, they were completely incommensurable”(103).

revised abstract

patman6276 — Sat, 12 Apr 2008 14:24:26 +0000

The Demacratic parties have more policies that contribute to helping the middle and lower class citizens and help programs to assest those of lower class and those that may be in poverty. The Republican parties don’t have many programs or policies that would help the lower and middle class citizens. Only some of obama and clintons policies are the same obama tries to reach out more specifically to the poor or those in poverty and those who are about to be in poverty. clinton reaches out to those on the brink of poverty and those who are middle class citizens. so that the middle class citizens keep their stability and dont fall to the lower class. she knows that the middle class is the backbone of America. mccain does have plans and policies to fund those who are still on welfare or who need welfare to allow them to get more money from welfare and to allow them to keep it instead of taking it away.

draft abstract

patman6276 — Sat, 12 Apr 2008 14:24:01 +0000

The Demacratic parties have more policies that contribute to helping the middle and lower class citizens and help programs to assest those of low class and that may be in poverty. The Republican parties dont have many programs or policies that would help the lower and middle class citizens. Most of the policies that obama and clinton should have are about the same and mccain most likely haven’t done much to help out those citizens of lower class then the upper class citizens.

Text

patman6276 — Sat, 05 Apr 2008 14:48:24 +0000

How i view text? Text can be looked at from my point of view as something that allows people to send and portray what they want to in their own means. The only purposes I see for text at this point in my life is that it allows history to be documented and it also allows people to feel like they are reaching somebody through their writings, even if that person that they are reaching are themselves.

Technology

patman6276 — Sat, 05 Apr 2008 14:48:01 +0000

The effects of technology have pushed my generation out to demand a microwave society. Technology is all around us and it has major affects on us as far as what we want and how fast we want it. I don’t think that ADD/ADHD is really something that exists; I think that our society has arrived to an era where life demands multitasking primarily because we have opened the door to it and pushed it through. The want of technology has very much stepped up to a point where now we depend on it to a point that it has become a necessity. The day to day things that we do are surrounded with technology…

Education

patman6276 — Sat, 05 Apr 2008 14:47:27 +0000

What defines education, what’s the means of education? Education means to me that someone is knowledgeable about what ever it may be the subject of. There is no one person to say that a person is or isn’t educated. Education does not necessarily focus itself around text. How do you calculate education? Truth is I don’t believe you can. The means of having a common knowledge is not education is it? Or is it not? How can you know where to draw the line on what education is? To me education is the obtained knowledge of a person through intellectual thought, or through the process of analyzing a situation or some sort of research and coming to ones own conclusion on that specific subject.

reference visit

patman6276 — Sat, 05 Apr 2008 02:44:13 +0000

I wasn’t able to speak to a librarian. My experience was not what I expected I hoped and thought that that I would find a lot more material on the headings and sub headings that I had found. I think that the visit I made could have been a lot more helpful and beneficial if I would have asked a librarian for help in that area. I did find good material to work with my self but had this been a major paper I would have not been satisfied with my work.

16 project elements

patman6276 — Sat, 05 Apr 2008 02:24:04 +0000

1-prompt

2-subject heading, sub headings, keywords

3-books

4-data bases

5-journals

6-abstracts

7-ILL

8-reference visit view

9-draft thesis

10-draft abstract

11-draft bibliography

12-revised bibliograghy

13-revised abstract

14-revised thesis

15-cover letter 1

16-cover letter 2

new ones

patman6276 — Sat, 29 Mar 2008 14:13:14 +0000

1.Subjects: Gross income,  Taxable income,  Internal Revenue Code — Section 61

Classification Codes 9190 United States,  9000 Short article,  3400 Investment analysis & personal finance,  4230 Personal taxation

Locations: United States–US

Author(s): Anonymous

Document types: News

Publication title: Practical Tax Strategies. Boston: Jun 2006. Vol. 76, Iss. 6; pg. 360, 1 pgs

Source type: Periodical

ISSN: 15236250

ProQuest document ID: 1075791721

Text Word Count 247

Document URL: http://80-proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.fau.edu/pqdweb?did=1075791721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3326&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Abstract (Summary)

Under Section 61, gross income includes income from whatever source derived, unless an exclusion applies. For instance, under Section 102(a) gross income does not include gifts. For this purpose, a gift is a transfer that is motivated by detached and disinterested generosity. A payment made due to the constraining force of moral or legal duty is not a gift.

2.TI: Title
Neo-Darwinian Leisures, the Body and Nature: Hunting and Angling in Modernity

AU: Author
Franklin, Adrian

AF: Affiliation
University of Tasmania

SO: Source
Body & Society, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 57-76, December 2001 [TOC]

IS: ISSN
1357-034X

PB: Publisher
SAGE Publications

Abstract
Against most social constructivist accounts of hunting this paper seeks to identify an embodied account of hunting and angling as a means of understanding its paradoxical popularity in late modernity. It evaluates the significance of two pro-hunting and angling discourses, those of Isaak Walton and Neo-Darwinian writers and argues that the appeal of hunting and angling, as evidenced through their copious literatures, descends from Walton rather than Neo-Darwinian sources. In particular it is the development of a highly sensual relation with the natural world that the Waltonian discourse encourages, in contrast with the visualism of touristic encounters, that may account for its enduring popularity.

3.Title:The politics of preventable deaths: local spending, income inequality, and premature mortality in US cities                                                                   Objective: To examine the association between (1) local politicalparty, (2) urban policies, measured by spending on local programmes,and (3) income inequality with premature mortality in largeUS cities.Design: Cross sectional ecological study.Outcome measures: All cause death rates and death rates attributableto preventable or immediate causes for people under age 75.                                                               Predictor measures: Income inequality, city spending, and socialfactors.Setting: All central cities in the US with population equalto or greater than 100 000.Results: Income inequality is the most significant social variableassociated with preventable or immediate death rates, and therelation is very strong: a unit increase in the Gini coefficientis associated with 37% higher death rates. Spending on policeis associated with 23% higher preventable death rates comparedwith 14% lower death rates in cities with high spending on roads.Conclusions: Cities with high income inequality and povertyare so far unable to reduce their mortality through local expenditureson public goods, regardless of the mayoral party. Longitudinaldata are necessary to determine if city spending on social programmesreduces mortality over time.Keywords: expenditures; city; inequality; mortality; policy.

Abstract:Recent research focusing on income inequality, the measure ofthe distribution of income in a geographical area, has broughtnew insight into geopolitical disparities in health. The theorybehind studies on health and income inequality is that healthis not only an outcome of individual choices and cultural characteristicsbut ultimately of socio-political phenomena.

Income inequality has been shown to be an important risk factorfor adverse health outcomes, even after adjusting for medianlevels of poverty for various jurisdictions within countries,^1,²although recent research is less consistent regarding theseeffects.^3–⁸ The positive relation between income inequalityand age adjusted all cause mortality has been found in US metropolitanareas.⁹ Some studies have attributed this relation to psychosocialqualities of community members in areas of high inequality.^10,¹¹There are inherent limitations to this approach, however. Reducinga social political construct to the behaviour of community memberslimits, according to Muntaner and Lynch, the “explanatory power”of income inequality and limits our ability to develop policyresponses to social inequalities.¹² Furthermore, a focus onbehaviour obscures the importance of policies and programmesdespite the fact that there is growing evidence that local socialpolicies affect the distribution of health and risks to health.^13,¹⁴With several important exceptions, there are few studies thathave examined policies in relation to income inequality.

Geopolitical variation in mortality and income inequality maybe attributable to differences in governmental policies. A comparisonof US and Canadian metropolitan areas showed no effect of incomeinequality on mortality for the Canadian metro areas whereasthe relation was robust and positive for US metro areas.¹⁵ Theauthors note differences in the social welfare net, as wellas absolute differences in the levels of income inequality betweencountries may explain the disparate results. Kaplan and colleaguesundertook a study of state policies and other factors to determinecausal pathways between income inequality and premature mortality.¹The authors demonstrated that states with highest levels ofincome inequality had significantly higher rates of homicideand a higher percentage of low birthweight infants. States withhigh income inequality also had greater per capita expenditureson medical care and police protection.¹ As local expenditureson public goods and services respond to local conditions andpressures¹⁶ and are markers of the influence of both publicinterest groups and type of local governance,¹⁷ the role oflocal politics and local expenditures merits further investigation.

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between(1) spending on local programmes, and (2) income inequalitywith premature mortality. In theory, cities that spend relativelymore on public goods would have lower income inequality andpoverty because high civic investment attracts and maintainsa middle and upper class population.

4.The Parameters of Party Systems

Luciano Bardi

Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Scienze della Politica, Via Serafini 3, 56126 Pisa, Italy, bardi@sp.unipi.it Peter Mair Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole, Italy, Peter.Mair@eui.eu Abstract: Despite the scepticism that increasingly surrounds their roleand standing in contemporary democracies, scholarly interestin political parties continues unabated. But this interest isalso proving uneven, with relatively little attention now beinggiven to the study of party systems. More specifically, thelevel of theoretical interest in party systems remains limited,with almost no substantial innovations being made since thepublication of Sartori’s classic work of 1976. In this article,we seek to redress some of this neglect by identifying the relevantparameters that can be used in the definition of party systemsand, possibly, in the explanation of party system change. Wethen go on to look at the minimum defining characteristics ofa system of parties (as opposed to a set of parties) beforefinally arguing that party systems are best understood as multidimensionalphenomena in which we identify and discuss the implicationsof three types of division — vertical, horizontal andfunctional.

Key Words: electoral arena • governmental arena • parliamentary arena • party systems

5.The Political Paradox of Finance Capitalism: Interests, Preferences, and Center-Left Party Politics in Corporate Governance Reform

John W. Cioffi University of California, Riverside, john.cioffi@ucr.edu

Martin Höpner Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies in Cologne, Germany, hoepner@mpifg.de Abstract :A striking paradox underlies corporate governance reform duringthe past fifteen years: center-left political parties have pushedfor pro-shareholder corporate governance reforms, while thehistorically pro-business right has generally resisted themto protect established forms of organized capitalism, concentratedcorporate stock ownership, and managerialism. Case studies ofGermany, France, Italy, and the United States reveal that center-leftparties used corporate governance reform to attack the legitimacyof existing political economic elites, present themselves aspro-growth and pro-modernization, strike political allianceswith segments of the financial sector, and appeal to middle-classvoters. Conservative parties’ established alliances withmanagers constrained them from endorsing corporate governancereform.

Key Words: corporate governance • finance capitalism • center-left parties • economic reform • financial regulation

6.A Democratic Polity? Three Views of Policy Responsiveness to Public Opinion in the United States

Jeff Manza Northwestern University Fay Lomax Cook Northwestern University

Abstract: The capacity of a political system to respond to the preferencesof its citizens is central to democratictheory and practice.Research and theory about the impact of public opinion on policymakingin the United States, however, have produced decidedly mixedviews. A number of analystsfind a strong and persisting impactof public opinion on public policy. Others reject the ideathatthe public has consistent views at all or, even if it does,that those views exercise much influenceover policy making.In this article, we evaluate the state of the art in the debatesover theopinion-policy link in the rapidly growing body of researchon public opinion and policy making.After an extensive reviewand critique of the theoretical and empirical research developing”strong”and “weak” effect views of the impact of opinion on policy,we conclude that a third”contingent” view, highlighting thehistorical, institutional, and political contingencies, providesthebest understanding of the impact of opinion on policy.

Key Words: public opinion • responsiveness • public policy

7.Democracy and City Life

Loren A. King

Browne University, USA, lorenking@brown.edu

Abstract :I evaluate the claim that modern urban regions are desirablesites for inclusive forms of democratic governance.Although certain features of city life do hold such promise, I argue that these same features coincide withexclusionary attitudes and activities that underminedemocratic hopes. I then clarify the necessary conditions for more inclusive urban democracy, distinguishingmy account from prominent criticisms of suburbanculture and urban sprawl advanced by, among others, advocatesof the new urbanism. I conclude with proposalsfor reform that emphasize creative uses of existingand emerging technologies and institutions, and a more democraticconception of eminent domain authority.

Key Words: democracy • difference • cities • citizenship • eminent domain • new urbanism

8.Poverty, Inequality, and Conflict

S.M. Miller Education and Sociology, New York University; Martin Rein Social Work and Social Research, Bryn Mawr College; Pamela Roby Instructor of Educational Sociology, New York University, and Research Assistant, Russell Sage Foundation; Bertram M. Gross

Abstract :Groping concern with poverty has ushered in the much more controversialissue of inequalities within the af fluent society. In America,relative deprivation is a more im portant aspect of “poverty”than poor physical conditions. Income alone is an inadequateindicator of level of living. This paper proposes six dimensionsfor the measurement of well- being : income, assets, basic services,social mobility and edu cation, political position, and statusand satisfaction. Ques tions of “who does and should get what”within each of these dimensions are issues arousing acrimoniousdebate. Social indicators are suggested which would create greaterawareness of the extent of inequalities and make discussionsof inequali ties more useful. These indicators will not tellus what choices to make in inequality-reduction, but they canpre vent us from complacently ignoring the fact that choicesare being made.

9.On Welfare and Terror

Social Welfare Policies and Political-Economic Roots of Terrorism

Brian Burgoon Amsterdam School for Social Science Research University of Amsterdam

Abstract :This article argues that social welfare policies may reduceinternational and domestic terrorism. Social policies likelyaffect terrorism in offsetting ways but, on balance, shoulddiminish preferences for terrorism by reducing economic insecurity,inequality, poverty, and religious-political extremism. Thus,countries with more generous welfare provisions should sufferfewer terrorist attacks on their soil and have fewer of theircitizens perpetrate terrorism. Supporting this argument, cross-sectionalestimation reveals that a country’s welfare efforts negativelycorrelate with transnational or total terrorist incidents onits soil, as well as transnational terrorism perpetrated byits citizens. Pooled cross-section time-series estimation revealsthat several measures of welfare effort reduce the incidenceof transnational terrorism in countries, robust to a range ofestimators and controls. Such findings suggest that strengtheningsocial policies at home and abroad may not only serve redistributiveor development goals but also help combat terrorist violence.

Key Words: terrorism • terrorist • welfare state • social policy • religion • poverty • inequality • insecurity

10.Species of Political Parties

A New Typology

Richard Gunther

Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA 94305-6010, USA. Gunther.1@osu.edu ;Larry Diamond Department of Political Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1373, USA. diamond@hoover.stanford.edu

While the literature already includes a large number of partytypologies, they are increasingly incapable ofcapturing the great diversity of party types that have emerged worldwide in recent decades, largely becausemost typologies were based upon West Europeanparties as they existed in the late nineteenth through mid-twentiethcenturies. Some new party types have been advanced,but in an ad hoc manner and on the basis of widelyvarying and often inconsistent criteria. This article is aneffort to set many of the commonly used conceptionsof parties into a coherent framework, and todelineate new party types whenever the existing models are incapable of capturing important aspects of contemporaryparties. We classify each of 15 ‘species’of party into its proper ‘genus’on the basis of three criteria: (1) the nature of the party’s organization (thick/thin, elite-basedor mass-based, etc.); (2) the programmatic orientationof the party (ideological, particularistic-clientele-oriented,etc.); and (3) tolerant and pluralistic (or democratic)versus proto-hegemonic (or anti-system). While this typologylacks parsimony, we believe that it capturesmore accurately the diversity of the parties as they exist in the contemporary democratic world, and is moreconducive to hypothesistesting and theory-buildingthan others.

Key Words: party organization • party programmes • party systems • party types

journals

patman6276 — Sat, 29 Mar 2008 13:54:48 +0000

1.American politics research

1.	Michael T. Heaney, Fabio Rojas
		Partisans, Nonpartisans, and the Antiwar Movement in the United States
		Jul 01, 2007; 35: 431-464. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]


2.	Jody Baumgartner, Jonathan S. Morris
		The Daily Show Effect: Candidate Evaluations, Efficacy, and American Youth
		May 01, 2006; 34: 341-367. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]


3.	Danny Hayes, Seth C. McKee
		Toward a One-Party South?
		Jan 01, 2008; 36: 3-32. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]

2.Administration & Society

1.	Janet V. Denhardt, Kelly B. Campbell
		The Role of Democratic Values in Transformational Leadership
		Nov 01, 2006; 38: 556-572. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]

2.	Donald P. Moynihan, Sanjay K. Pandey
		Finding Workable Levers Over Work Motivation: Comparing Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, and Organizational Commitment
		Nov 01, 2007; 39: 803-832. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]

3.	Éric Montpetit, Christian Rouillard
		Culture and the Democratization of Risk Management: The Widening Biotechnology Gap Between Canada and France
		Jan 01, 2008; 39: 907-930. (In “Article”) [Abstract] [PDF]

3.American political science review

4.Journal Information for The American Political Science ReviewPublisher: American Political Science AssociationMoving Wall: 3

The American Political Science Review (APSR) is the longest running publication of the American Political Science Association (APSA). APSR, first published in November 1906 and appearing quarterly, is the preeminent political science journal in the United States and internationally. APSR features research from all fields of political science and contains an extensive book review section of the discipline. In its earlier days, APSR also covered the personal and personnel items of the profession as had its predecessor, the Proceedings of the APSA.

ISSN: 00030554
OCLC: 36114239

1.Subjects:	Gross income, Taxable income, Internal Revenue Code — Section 61
Classification Codes	9190 United States, 9000 Short article, 3400 Investment analysis & personal finance, 4230 Personal taxation
Locations:	United States–US
Author(s):	Anonymous
Document types:	News
Publication title:	Practical Tax Strategies. Boston: Jun 2006. Vol. 76, Iss. 6; pg. 360, 1 pgs
Source type:	Periodical
ISSN:	15236250
ProQuest document ID:	1075791721
Text Word Count	247
Document URL:	http://80-proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.fau.edu/pqdweb?did=1075791721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3326&RQT=309&VName=PQD

2.TI:	Title Neo-Darwinian Leisures, the Body and Nature: Hunting and Angling in Modernity
AU:	Author Franklin, Adrian
AF:	Affiliation University of Tasmania
SO:	Source Body & Society, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 57-76, December 2001 [TOC]
IS:	ISSN 1357-034X
PB:	Publisher SAGE Publications